Human Development Index- the UN’s index used to rank standards of living in its member countries

Standard of living- a measure comparing how well people live in different countries based on three indicators: life expectancy, literacy rate, and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita

Literacy Rate- The percentage of a population that is able to read and write

GDP per capita-Gross domestic product, of the total value of all goods and services produced in a country in one year, divided by the population

Non-governmental Organizations-Non-profit local, national, or international groups that work independently of government on issues such as health, environment, or human rights.
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PPP stands for pruchasing power parity, which compares the currecny of the country to the U.S. dollar to help account for relative cost of living and infiltration in the different countries.


Developed Countries- The world's wealthiest countries; they have well-established infrastructures and their people are well housed, healthy, and have good literacy.

Newly Industrializing Countries- Countries that are experiencing rapid economic and industrial growth; many are switching from agricultural to industrial econmies

Developing Countries- Countries that have lower standards of living than developed countires; many have extensive poverty

Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPCs)- Countries at low end of the UN Human Development Index that are in debt to developed nations

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The Human Development Index for 2009


Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)- Eight goals developed by the member states of the United Nations to close the gap in living standards between developed and developing countires.

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The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)


Thinking Critically-
Which three of the MDGs do you think are the most important? Give reasons for your answer. Which of the goals are most likely to be met? Which are least likely to be met? Explain.

The most important are Goal 1 because that is one of the things that keep the gap between developed and developing nations so big. The second most important would be education because it is proven that people that are educated usually have a better chance of breaking the cycle of poverty. Finally the third most important would be promoting gender equality because if women had more of a say in their community, it was more likely for them to break the cycle of poverty, as well as they would be able to get as well paying jobs as men, which means they could provide for their family. I believe that goal number 7 would be met as it is probably one of the easiest to deal with when compared to the rest. Where as goals 1,2,3,4,5,6,8 are much harder to do because all of those goals require money, and I am sure that not many countries wish to help developing countries, as well as for goal 8, the only way that would happen if the cycle of poverty were to end, and the country could start becoming an industrialized nation instead of a developing one.


Mortality-Death rate, calculated as number of deaths per 1000 people in a population.


Globalization- The spread of ideas, information, and culture and around the world through advances in communication, technology, and travel

Globalization Chart

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Activity 1

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Activity 2
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Activity 3

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Activity 4




Australia
China
Sierra Leone
Adult literacy rate, both sexes (% aged 15 and above)
2011
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Carbon Dioxide Emissions per capita (tonnes)
2011
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Ecological footprint of consumption (global hectares per capita)
2011
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Education index
2011
0.981
0.623
0.304

Fresh water withdrawals (% of actual total renewable water resources)
2011
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Income index
2011
0.837
0.618
0.286

Population with at least secondary education, female/male ratio (Ratio of female to male rates)
2011
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Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)
2011
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Standards of Living Activity Poverty

World Bank-An international group of five financial institutions that provide finical and technical help to developing countries

Organization for Econonmic Co-operation and Development (OECD)- Originally created as the Organization for European Economic Co-operations (OEEC) to administrator the Marshal plan to rebuild Europe after the second world war; OECD's mission is to improve living standards in developing countries.

International Monetary Fund (IMF)- Internatonal organization designed to promote econmic stability and development

Structural adjustment programs (SAPs)- Programs designed by the World Bank and IMF to adjust the economies of developing countries as condition of receiving loans

Bonded Labour- (Or debt bondage) paying off a loan with labour rather than money; bonded labourers often work for very little pay and their labour is worth more than the original debt.

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The Human Poverty Index


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The 40 developing countries classified by the International Monetary Fund as HIPC, 2009


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Women’s literacy rates in some developing countries


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Snapshot of the world’s children


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The cycle of poverty



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The major determinants of health in developing countries


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HIV/AIDS statistics for different regions in the world, 2008